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  • The fourth dimension: Fractals, 4D, and higher dimensionality

    The fourth dimension: Fractals, 4D, and higher dimensionality
    2024/11/27

    Little ditty about 4-D...

    1. What is 4D?
    2. What are higher dimensions and how many could there be?
    3. Hypercube tesseract
    4. Sphere packing (kissing number)
    5. Geometric spatial dimensions (string theory) vs temporal Minkowski spacetime (time as the 4th dimension)
    6. Fractal dimensions (Coastline Paradox)
    7. Knots in 2D/3D/4D
    8. Brane worlds (aka brane cosmology/membrane theory) and gravity leakage (wormholes and black holes)
    9. Life in higher dimensions

    This podcast is Al-generated with NotebookLM, using the following sources, research, and analysis:

    • A Mathematician’s Guided Tour Through High Dimensions (Quanta Magazine, 2021.09.13)
    • Four-dimensional space (Wikipedia, 2024.11.21)
    • Four-dimensionalism (Wikipedia, 2024.11.21)
    • Fractal (Wikipedia, 2024.11.21)
    • Fractal dimension (Wikipedia, 2024.11.21)
    • Higher Dimensions in physics and mathematics (UT Austin)
    • Large extra dimensions (Wikipedia, 20224.11.21)
    • Minkowski space (Wikipedia, 2024.11.21)
    • Spacetime (Wikipedia, 2024.11.21)
    • The Fractal Geometry of Invention (Durham, 2012.04.18)
    • The things you'll find in higher dimensions (YouTube, Zach Star, 2019.06.07)
    • Toward a Visualization of the Fourth Dimension (Michielli, 2022.09.25)

    Not investment advice; do your own due diligence!

    # physics mathematics geometry science astrology astrophysics
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    26 分
  • Flying cars: If the future's not now, then who/what/where/when/why/how?

    Flying cars: If the future's not now, then who/what/where/when/why/how?
    2024/11/20
    They promised us flying cars and instead of breaking their promise, they're probably going to deliver: History of flying carsStatus of today's industry (How many players; who are the players; what do the cars look like; and how do they function?)When early and mass market adoption?Autonomous vehicles vs flying cars (Are flying cars going to be autonomous or automated? How will they compete with autonomous vehicles like self-driving cars?) See also: Where's my flying car (Search Engine, PJ Vogt, 2024.04.19) This podcast is Al-generated with NotebookLM, using the following sources, research, and analysis: 1935 Waterman Arrowbile Roadable Aircraft (YouTube, Story Cars, 2021.02.07)1949 Molton Taylor Aerocar Newsreel (YouTube, Classic Airliners & Vintage Pop Culture, 2014.05.25)Dude, Where's My Flying Car? (YouTube, IITV, 2024.11.07)Flying car (Wikipedia, 2024.11.14)Intermodal passenger transport (Wikipedia, 2024.11.14)Study on flying car transportation system (Feng/Huang/Wang/Xu/Zhang, 2023.11) Survey data on public perceptions towards flying cars and flying taxi services (Eker/Fountas/Ahmed/Anastasopoulos, 2021.10.12)The state of urban air mobility research: An assessment of challenges and opportunities (Ahmed/Fountas/Lurkin/et al, 2023.01.26) [PREPRINT]Toyota and Joby Aviation Complete Historic Air Taxi Test Flight in Japan (TechHub, 2024.11.05)Transport by Land and Air Vehicles, Advantages, Literature Review and Classification of Flying Cars (Sahin, 2024.10)Trends and Challenges in Realizing a Flying Car (Al Farsi, 2024.04)Urban air mobility and flying cars: Overview, examples, prospects, drawbacks, and solutions (Marzouk, 2022.11.11)Where are the flying cars? (Science News Explores, 2024.07.15) Not investment advice; do your own due diligence! # automobiles AV EV $joby
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    31 分
  • Quantum computing: Encryption, cryptography, crypto, chips, and AI

    Quantum computing: Encryption, cryptography, crypto, chips, and AI
    2024/11/13
    The state of quantum computers and their disruptive threats/benefits: Quantum mechanics (quibits, superposition, entanglement)Tech's cutting edge (noisy intermediate-scale quantum NISQ era, trapped ions, photonics, threshold theorem, error engineering, networking, repeaters)Effects on cybersecurity, encryption, and cryptography (RSA, Shor's algorithm, and post-quantum cryptography PQC like quantum key distribution QKD, lattice-based cryptography, and code-based cryptography)Effects on Bitcoin and blockchains (ECDSA 256, indistinguishability obfuscation, Ethereum account abstraction, multiparty computation MPC)Effects on chips and AI paradigms (generalizable GPUs vs application-specific QPUs, and quantum as a complement to – not replacement of – traditional cloud-based computing)Simulations and sensorsOther challenges (scalability, quibit decoherence, and sector-specific risks) See also:🧵https://x.com/AnthPB/status/1456748882503913479 This podcast is Al-generated with NotebookLM, using the following sources, research, and analysis: Advancing International Collaboration in Quantum Information Science and Technology (National Science & Technology Council, 2024.08.08)Analytical Exploration of the Effects and Implications of Quantum Computing on Cryptocurrency Systems (Zhang, 2023)Cryptography (Wikipedia, 2024.11.06)Current state on quantum computing: What are the major companies/startups making progress? (Reddit, r/QuantumComputing, 2024.06)Decrypting Crypto: Cryptocurrencies and the Quantum Computer Threat (Hudson Institute, Herman/Butler/Pagano, 2022.04)Encryption (Wikipedia, 2024.11.06)From GPUs to AI and quantum: Three waves of acceleration in bioinformatics (Schmidt/Hildebrandt, 2024.04.23)How Quantum Computing Could Impact the Future of Bitcoin Mining (AlexaBlockchain, 2024.09.12)Keep Your Crypto Safe Around Quantum Computers with Guest Pierre-Luc Dallaire-Demers of Pauli Group (YouTube, Anastasia Marchenkova, 2023.08.29)Long-Term Forecast for Quantum Computing Still Looks Bright (Boston Consulting Group, 2024.07.18)Myth 5: Quantum Computers Will Replace Digital Computers (Medium, Chris Ferrie, 2024.05.26)NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization (Wikipedia, 2024.11.09)National Quantum Initiative Supplement To The President’s FY 2024 Budget (National Science & Technology Council, 2023.12.01)Possible futures of the Ethereum protocol, part 6: The Splurge (Vitalik Buterin, 2024.10.29)Quantum Computing: Progress and Innovation (Byrd/Ding, 2023.12)Quantum Machine Learning Algorithms: Read the Fine Print (Aaronson)Quantum Vision Transformers (Cherrat/Kerenidis/Mathur/Landman/Strahm/Li, 2024.02.20)Quantum computers and the Bitcoin blockchain (Deloitte)Quantum computing (Wikipedia, 2024.11.06)Quantum computing: What leaders need to know now (MIT Sloan, 2024.01.11)Quantum cryptography (Wikipedia, 2024.11.06)Quantum key distribution (Wikipedia, 2024.11.06)Reality check for quantum computing: One GPU can be faster (The Register, 2023.05.03)Why quantum computing isn’t a threat to crypto… yet (Cointelegraph, 2022.09.09)Will Quantum Computers Replace Classical Computers? (Quantum Computing Inc)Will Quantum Computing Break Crypto? The Future at Risk (Cointelegraph, 2024.09.25) Not investment advice; do your own due diligence! # innovation disruption security blockchain Bitcoin $btc Ethereum $eth
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    20 分
  • Mesh networking: A fully decentralized P2P internet

    Mesh networking: A fully decentralized P2P internet
    2024/11/08
    The research, development, and launch of permissionless mesh networks: Wireless ad hoc networks (WANETs) and mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs)Benefits, risks, and tradeoffs of mesh networkingDelay-disruption tolerant networking (DTN)Empirical mesh networks in military, community, and commercial use (NYC's Red Hook wifi, SMesh, Spain's Guifi, and Amazon Sidewalk)Can a fully decentralized, peer-to-peer mesh network replace incumbent ISP-intermediated internet connectivity?Challenges to proliferation and adoptionHow to setup your own small-scale mesh network See also:🧵https://x.com/AnthPB/status/1308104246655619073?t=WC4ViVWa8v_OJ6aXSFA94w&s=19 This podcast is AI-generated with NotebookLM, using the following sources, research, and analysis: A New Clustering Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks (Zanjireh/Shahrabi/Larijani, 2013)A Survey on Trust Management for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (Cho/Swami, 2011.12)AODV Implementation Design and Performance Evaluation (Chakeres/Belding-Ryer)An Overview of Wireless Mesh Networks (Parvin, 2019.06)An overview of mobile ad hoc networks: Applications and challenges (Hoebeke/Moerman/Dhoedt/Demeester, 2004.07)Applications, Advantages and Challenges of Ad Hoc Networks (JAIR, Helen/Arivazhagan, 2014.01.08)DTC Mesh Radios Integrated onto U.S. Army Tactical Network (UST, 2020.08.31)DTC Offers Enhanced MANET Mesh Networkings (SoldierMod, 2018)Delay- and Disruption-Tolerant Networks (DTNs): A Tutorial (NASA, 2015.09.14)Delay/Disruption Tolerant Networking Overview (NASA, 2023.09.20)Everything I could find out about Amazon's Sidewalk Network (Stacey on IoT, 2022.09.16)Experimenting with an Ad Hoc Wireless Network on Campus: Insights & Experiences", ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review (Toh/Chen/et al, 2001)Functions and structure of a packet radio station (Tomlinson/Beeler/Burchfiel, 1975)Future Research Challenges for Ad Hoc Mobile Wireless Networks (IEEE, Toh, 2002)How Wi-Fi mesh networks work (Android Central, 2018)Is it possible to use the internet without any sort of isp, like if you could build your own router without authentication from an isp or even faking the authentication of a real isp. I suppose anything is “possible” but could it realistically be done? (Reddit, 2022.12)Long-lived Ad Hoc Routing based on the Concept of Associativity (Toh, 1999)Mesh Networks (Cardullo/Roio, 2019.02)Mobility Increases the Capacity of Ad Hoc Wireless Networks (Grossglauser/Tse, 2002)Protocols and Applications of Ad-hoc Robot Wireless Communication Networks: An Overview (Jaisal, 2011.12)Spatial Node Distribution of the Random Waypoint Mobility Model with Applications (Hyytia/Lassila/Virtamo, 2006)The Resurrecting Duckling: Security Issues for Ad-hoc Wireless Networks (Stajano/Anderson, 1999)The SMesh Wireless Mesh Network (Amir/et al, 2010)Three Ways Mesh Networks with Peer-to-Peer Connections Can Revolutionize Communications without the Internet (Brookings Institution, 2014.04.25)Want To Guarantee Net Neutrality? Join Peer-To-Peer, Community-Run Internet (Fast Company, 2017.12.19)Wireless Mesh Networks in IoT Networks (Liu/Tong/Qiu/Liu, 2017.05)Wireless ad hoc network (Wikipedia, 2024.11.01)Wireless community network (Wikipedia, 2024.11.03)Wireless mesh network (Wikipedia, 2024.11.01) Not investment advice; do your own due diligence! # telecom internet service providers cellular 5G nodes consumer web
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    29 分
  • Whaling: The rise and fall and fallout of an industry

    Whaling: The rise and fall and fallout of an industry
    2024/11/01
    All about the disruption of an American-led industry – and the creative destruction thereof: History of whalingDecline of the US whaling industry (causes and ramifications for jobs, politics, economics, and social stability)Rise of commercial whaling regulation and evasionUS transition from whaling to other forms of energy and byproducts (economic benefits, detriments, and innovations)Standard Oil See also:🧵https://x.com/AnthPB/status/1852504007341670409 This podcast is AI-generated with NotebookLM, using the following sources, research, and analysis: “A Compact With the Whales”: New Bedford, the American Civil War, and a Changing Industry (Mello, 2020.05.01)Anti-whaling (Wikipedia, 2024.10.29)Catches taken under Objection since 1985 ban (International Whaling Commission, 2023)Catches total since 1985 ban (International Whaling Commission, 2023)Climate-driven environmental changes around 8,200 years ago favoured increases in cetacean strandings and Mediterranean hunter-gatherers exploited them (Mannino et al, 2015.11.17)Estimating the Economic Value of Narwhal and Beluga Hunts in Hudson Bay, Nunavut (Hoover et al, 2012)From Old Dartmouth to New Bedford, Whaling Metropolis of the World (Old Dartmouth Historical Society (2008.12.14)Global whaling peaked in the 1960s (Our World in Data, 2022.11.30)Prehistoric Inuit whalers affected Arctic freshwater ecosystems (Douglas/Smol/Savelle/Blais, 2023.12.09)Productivity and the decline of American sperm whaling (Shuster)Report of the 65th meeting of the International Whaling Commission (IWC, 2014)Standard Oil (Wikipedia, 2024.10.28)The Impact of Whaling on the Ocean Carbon Cycle: Why Bigger Was Better (Pershing et al, 2010.08.26)The Subtle Changes that Destroyed the Whaling Industry (YouTube, Learn Something New, 2023.06.01)The whale oil myth surfaces again (Environmental History, 2022.02.23)The “Whale Oil Myth” (PBS News, 2008.08.20)Too Much Is Never Enough: The Cautionary Tale of Soviet Illegal Whaling (Ivashchenko/Clapham)Whale Hunting Still Exists in 3 Countries, but It Is Declining (Sentient Media, 2023.09.01)Whale Population Estimates (International Whaling Commission, 2022)Whale oil history (Pees, 2004)Whaling (Wikipedia, 2024.10.26)Whaling in the United States (Wikipedia, 2024.10.29)Why Petroleum Did Not Save the Whales (York, 2017.10.25) Not investment advice; do your own due diligence! # kerosene petroleum whales innovation Rockefeller
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    12 分
  • Storage and memory: The unsung chips on the shoulders of AI and high tech

    Storage and memory: The unsung chips on the shoulders of AI and high tech
    2024/10/28
    While GPUs have the spotlight, high bandwidth memory (HBM) has an Oscar nomination for best supporting actor – but what's the state of the storage/memory market; what are the innovations therein; and who are the major players? A trip down memory lane: Memory vs computeNAND/SSD and data lakes (HDD need not apply)AI at the edge (client-side NVM SSDs)HBM3, 3D DRAM, and LLMs (stacked packaging)Future compute-in-memory architectures (memristor crossbar arrays)Memory and manufacturing competitive landscape See also:🧵⁠https://x.com/AnthPB/status/1658939488729460737⁠ This podcast is AI-generated with NotebookLM, using the following sources, research, and analysis: AI Workloads and Data storage solutions requirements and recommended options (Medium, Sugur, 2024.02.21)AI at the Edge: Future of memory and storage in accelerating intelligence (IoT Now, 2024.02.07)Flash forward: The need for AI storage and security in 2024 (Fast Company, Wu, 2024.02.29)GDDR5 vs GDDR5X vs HBM2 vs GDDR6 vs GDDR6X Memory Comparison (Graphics Card Hub, 2023.10.29)HBM3 Update to High Bandwidth Memory Standard (JEDC, 2022.01.27)HBM: Memory Solution for Bandwidth-Hungry Processors (Kim/Kim, 2014.08)High Bandwidth Memory (Wikipedia, 2024.10.23)Historical trends in technical themes: Analog systems (ISSCC, Analog and Data Converters Subcommittees, 2014)Memory Is All You Need: An Overview of Compute-in-Memory Architectures for Accelerating Large Language Model Inference (Wolters/Yang/Schlichtmann/Suzumura, 2024.06.12)Micron Commences Volume Production of Industry-Leading HBM3E Solution to Accelerate the Growth of AI (Micron, 2024.02.26)Micron earnings 2024q3 (CNBC, 2024.09.25)SK Hynix earnings 2024q3 (CNBC, 2024.10.23)Samsung earnings 2024q3 (CNBC, 2024.10.07)Staying Curious: Developments in Memory Chip Technology (Telecom Review, 2024.06.19)The Value of Data Storage for the AI Era (Janukowicz, 2024.05)The history of SK Hynix 1983-2023 (SK Hynix, 2024.10.24)What changes in storage will AI drive? (Micron, 2023.11)What’s Next For High Bandwidth Memory: Different approaches for breaking down the memory wall (Semiconductor Engineering, 2019.12.17) Not investment advice; do your own due diligence! # GPU IoT HCP hyperscale cloud datacenter edge computing Micron Samsung SK Hynix Taiwan Semiconductor $mu $tsm
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    17 分
  • Laplace's demon: Theoretical determinism in the universe

    Laplace's demon: Theoretical determinism in the universe
    2024/10/24
    Could Laplace's demon to be the theory of everything in the universe? Evaluating a counterfactual to free will: What is Laplace's demon?Attempt to both prove and disprove Laplace's demonSteelman Laplace's demon and causal determinism – are they logically possible, even if they're physically unachievable within our universe?Highlight the potential conflict between determinism and the limitations imposed by the laws of physics themselves See also:🧵https://x.com/AnthPB/status/895114612563218432 This podcast is AI-generated with NotebookLM, using the following sources, research, and analysis: ⁠A Class of Deductive Theories that cannot be Deterministic: Classical and Quantum Physics are not deterministic⁠ (Reznikoff, 2012)⁠A Contemporary Introduction to Free Will⁠ (Kane, 2005)⁠A New Kind of Science: A 15-Year View⁠ (Wolfram, 2015)⁠A philosophical essay on probabilities⁠ (Laplace, 1902)⁠Chaos: Making a New Science⁠ (Gleick, 1987)⁠Complexity: A Guided Tour ⁠(Mitchell/Toroczkai, 2010)⁠De Broglie–Bohm theory⁠ (Wikipedia, 2024.10.23)⁠Does God play dice?⁠ (Hawking, 1999)⁠If the Universe Were a Computer⁠ (Minkel, 1999)⁠Information Theory and Statistical Mechanics⁠ (Bayes, 1956)⁠Information, Physics, Quantum: The Search for Links⁠ (Wheeler, 1989)⁠Laplace's demon⁠ (Wikipedia, 2024.10.23)⁠On the origins and foundations of Laplacian determinism⁠ (Strien, 2017.10.04)⁠The Fabric of the Cosmos⁠ (Greene, 2004)⁠Theories of almost everything⁠ (Binder, 2008)⁠Ultimate physical limits to computation⁠ (Lloyd, 2000) Not investment advice; do your own due diligence! # physics thermodynamics quantum mechanics quantum theory chaos theory black holes Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
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    13 分
  • AI accuracy: New models and progress on hallucinations

    AI accuracy: New models and progress on hallucinations
    2024/10/21
    What's the latest with artificial intelligence and models' accuracy? Three objectives: Compare and contrast traditional autoregressive LLMs (Gemini/chatGPT/Claude/LLaMA) vs nonautoregressive AI (NotebookLM) vs chain of thought reasoning models (Strawberry o1) – including the benefits, detriments, and tradeoffs of eachError rates for NotebookLM vs traditional LLMs vs CoT reasoning models – focusing on accuracy benefits from a smaller corpus of curated source materials that users feed NotebookLM when promoting (vs an LLM trained on and inferencing from the entire web)Which model (or combination of models) will be the future standard? See also:🧵https://x.com/AnthPB/status/1848186962856865904 This podcast is AI-generated with NotebookLM, using the following sources, research, and analysis: An Investigation of Language Model Interpretability via Sentence Editing (OSU, Stevens, 2021.04)Are Auto-Regressive Large Language Models Here to Stay? (Medium, Bettencourt, 2023.12.28)Attention Is All You Need (Google Brain, Vaswani/Shazeer/Parmar/Uszkoreit/Jones/Gomez/Kaiser/Polosukhin, 2017.06.12)BART: Denoising Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training for Natural Language Generation, Translation, and Comprehension (Facebook AI, Lewis/Liu/Goyal/Ghazvininejad/Mohamed/Levy/Stoyanov/Zettlemoyer, 2019.10.29)Chain of Preference Optimization: Improving Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in LLMs (Zhang/Du/Pang/Liu/Gao/Lin, 2024.06.13)Contra LeCun on "Autoregressive LLMs are doomed" (LessWrong, rotatingpaguro, 2023.04.10)Do large language models need sensory grounding for meaning and understanding? (LeCun, 2023.03.24)Experimenting with Power Divergences for Language Modeling (Labeau/Cohen, 2019)Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformer (Raffel/Shazeer/Roberts/Lee/Narang/Matena/Zhou/Li/Liu, 2023.09.19)Improving Non-Autoregressive Translation Models Without Distillation (Huang/Perez/Volkovs, 2022.01.28)Non-Autoregressive Neural Machine Translation (Gu/Bradbury/Xiong/Li/Socher, 2017.11.27)On the Learning of Non-Autoregressive Transformers (Huang/Tao/Zhou/Li/Huang, 2022.06.13)Towards Better Chain-of-Thought Prompting Strategies: A Survey (Yu/He/Wu/Dai/Chen, 2023.10.08).pdfXLNet: Generalized Autoregressive Pretraining for Language Understanding (Yang/Dai/Yang/Carbonell/Salakhutdinov/Le, 2020.01.22) Not investment advice; do your own due diligence! # tech technology machine learning ML
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    14 分