Postmodernism has become the buzzword of contemporary society over the last decade. But how can it be defined? In this highly engaging introduction, the mysteries of this most elusive of concepts are unraveled, casting a critical light upon the way we live now, from the politicizing of museum culture to the cult of the politically correct. The key postmodernist ideas are explored and challenged, as they figure in the theory, philosophy, politics, ethics, and artwork of the period, and it is shown how they have interacted within a postmodernist culture.

Martin Heidegger, considered by some to be the greatest charlatan ever to claim the title of "philosopher", by some as an apologist for Nazism, and by others as an acknowledged leader in continental philosophy, is probably the most divisive thinker of the 20th century. In the second edition of this Very Short Introduction audiobook, Michael Inwood focuses on Heidegger's most important work, Being and Time, to explore its major themes of existence in the world, inauthenticity, guilt, destiny, truth, and the nature of time.

Postcolonialism explores the political, social, and cultural effects of decolonization, continuing the anti-colonial deconstruction of Western dominance. This Very Short Introduction discusses both the history and key debates of postcolonialism, and considers its importance as a means of changing the way we think about the world. Robert J. C. Young examines the key strategies that postcolonial thought has developed to engage with the impact of sometimes centuries of Western political and cultural domination.

人間の連帯は，真理の哲学的な探求によって可能となるものではない．他者への残酷さに対する感性を想像力によって拡張することで達成されるべき，目標なのだ．

明治期の文学者、夏目漱石の未完の長編小説。 初出は「東京朝日新聞」「大阪朝日新聞」［1916（大正5）年］。漱石の死によって中断した。わずか十日ほどの時間の出来事を書いて、未完でありながら漱石最大の長編となった。

【解説】 長井代助は、大学卒業後も、実業家の父に依存して、定職も持たずに気ままに暮らす高等遊民である。ときどき実家に金をもらいに行き、実社会のあくせくした様を半ば見下している。これと対照的に親友の平岡は、銀行に就職して社会の苦労を舐めている。共通の友人である菅沼の妹、三千代と代助とは実は思い合っていたが、平岡が代助に三千代との斡旋を依頼し、その結果、三千代は平岡と結婚する。しかし、平岡は、部下の公金使い込みの責任を負う形で辞職して帰京。代助に就職斡旋を依頼し、三千代は金の融通を依頼する。代助は、それらを実家に持ち込むが、いずれも断られ、そこで自らの立場を自覚する。 代助は、心臓を患う三千代としばしば会い、とうとう三千代への愛に改めて気が付き、求愛の告白をする。三千代は、今更ひどいと泣くが、最後はその求愛を受け入れ、今後待ち受けている苦難をともにする覚悟をした。代助は父親からのたびたびの縁談を断り、その怒りを買う。そして遂に代助は平岡に事を打ち明け、三千代を譲ってくれるように談判したところ、平岡は絶交を言い渡しただけでなく、代助の父親に事の顛末を詳細に告げる挙に出た。兄が父親の使者となって現れ、平岡の話が事実であることを確認し、実家からの絶縁を言い渡した。代助は頭が焦げる思いをしながら、職を探しに街に飛び出した。「ああ動く、世の中が動く」と傍の人間に聞こえるほどにいいながら・・・。...

Psychology is part of everyone's experience: It influences the way we think about everything from education and intelligence, to relationships and emotions, advertising and criminality. People readily behave as amateur psychologists, offering explanations for what people think, feel, and do. But what exactly are psychologists trying to do? What scientific grounding do they have for their approach? This Very Short Introduction explores some of psychology's leading ideas and their practical relevance.

Anthony Stevens argues that Jung's visionary powers and profound spirituality have helped many to find an alternative set of values to the arid materialism prevailing Western society.

With his well known idiosyncrasies and aphoristic style, Friedrich Nietzsche is always bracing and provocative, and temptingly easy to dip into. Michael Tanner's introduction to the philosopher's life and work examines the numerous ambiguities inherent in his writings and explodes many of the misconceptions that have grown in the hundred years since Nietzsche wrote "do not, above all, confound me with what I am not!"

Language defines us as a species, placing humans head and shoulders above even the most proficient animal communicators. But it also beguiles us with its endless mysteries, allowing us to ponder why different languages emerged, why there isn't simply a single language, how languages change over time and whether that's good or bad, and how languages die out and become extinct.

Poststructuralism changes the way we understand the relations between human beings, their culture, and the world. Following a brief account of the historical relationship between structuralism and poststructuralism, this Very Short Introduction traces the key arguments that have led poststructuralists to challenge traditional theories of language and culture.

What is life? What is my place in it? What choices do these questions obligate me to make? More than a half-century after it burst upon the intellectual scene - with roots that extend to the mid-19th century - Existentialism's quest to answer these most fundamental questions of individual responsibility, morality, and personal freedom, life has continued to exert a profound attraction.

This second edition of the Very Short Introduction on ethics has revised and updated aspects of the original to reflect changing times and mores. It highlights the importance of an understanding of approaches to ethics and its foundations, confronted as we are with a fluid and uncertain world of eroding trust, swirling conspiracy theories, and a dismaying loss of respect in public discourse.

新進気鋭の哲学者による“つながっているのに寂しい、常時接続の世界”を生き抜くための書。スマホは私たちの生活をどう変えてしまったのか？

Linguistics falls in the gap between arts and science, on the edges of which the most fascinating discoveries and the most important problems are found. Rather than following the conventional organization of many contemporary introductions to the subject, the author of this stimulating guide begins his discussion with the oldest, "arts" end of the subject and moves chronologically through to the newest research - the "science" aspects.

【解説】友人から奪った妻との人目を避けた質素な生活を描く。『三四郎』『それから』に続く三部作完結編。 友人の安井から、その妻・お米を奪った宗助は、世間の目を避けて夫婦でひっそりと暮らしている。質素で単調ながら穏やかな愛情でむすばれた生活である。弟の小六が居候で同居しながら大学に通っているが、叔父の死によりその学費が打ち切られたり、職場の役所で人員整理の動きがあったり、あるいは大家の坂井の弟がたまたま安井と友人で、蒙古から一時帰国で坂井宅に立ち寄ったりと、小さな波乱が起こり、宗助の心は乱れる。安息を求めて禅寺に籠るが、悟りを開けないまま戻った宗助・・・。しかし、月が変わり、寒さが緩む頃、夫婦の上に平穏が戻った。 【朗読】wis(透明感のある声で知られる女性朗読家です)

Since the early Egyptians, human beings have formalized the business of learning, setting up a designated environment of some form to pass knowledge and learning on to groups of students. In this second edition of his Very Short Introduction, Gary Thomas explores how and why education has evolved as it has, examining the ways in which it has responded over the centuries to various influences in politics, philosophy, and the social sciences.

Sigmund Freud revolutionized the way in which we think about ourselves. From its beginnings as a theory of neurosis Freud developed psychoanalysis into a general psychology, which became widely accepted as the predominant mode of discussing personality and interpersonal relationships. Anthony Storr goes one step further and investigates the status of Freud's legacy today and the disputes that surround it.

The laws of thermodynamics drive everything that happens in the universe. From the sudden expansion of a cloud of gas to the cooling of hot metal - everything is moved or restrained by four simple laws. This powerful and compact introduction explains what these four laws are and how they work, using accessible language and virtually no mathematics.