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  • The History of the Crisis: The Ralliement (part 2)
    2024/11/25

    In this second part of my presentation on the 'Ralliement' policy of Pope Leo XIII in 1891, I examine the implementation, reactions and fruits of this policy before offering an assessment of its implications.

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    57 分
  • The History of the Crisis: The Ralliement (part 1)
    2024/11/18

    In this presentation I outline the historical background to the 'Ralliement' of Pope Leo XIII when he instructed French Catholics to submit (rally) to the French Third Republic.

    The Ralliement policy is considered as part of the preamble to the current Crisis in the Church, as one of the compromises made with the enemies of the Church.

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    40 分