🇲🇽 1810 – Father Miguel Hidalgo's Grito de Dolores ignited the Mexican War of Independence against Spanish rule, eventually leading to Mexico's independence in 1821. 📜🎉

👑 1859 – Joshua Norton declared himself "Emperor of the United States" in San Francisco, becoming a beloved and eccentric local figure. 👑🇺🇸

🩺 1893 – Dr. Charles McBurney performed the first successful appendectomy in New York, marking a breakthrough in abdominal surgery. 🏥🔬

💣 1920 – A bomb exploded on Wall Street, killing 38 people in a suspected anarchist attack, raising concerns about security and terrorism. 💥🏙️

💻 1956 – IBM launched the 704 computer, the first mass-produced machine to support floating-point arithmetic, revolutionizing scientific computing. 💻🔢

🎬 1965 – Jean-Luc Godard's Pierrot le Fou was released, becoming a landmark in the French New Wave with its innovative style and existential themes. 🎥🇫🇷

🏦 1975 – Papua New Guinea established the Bank of Papua New Guinea as its central bank, playing a key role in managing the nation's post-independence economy. 🇵🇬💰

⚔️ 1978 – Martial law was declared in several Iranian cities amid rising protests against the Shah's regime, a precursor to the 1979 Iranian Revolution. ⚔️🇮🇷

🏅 2000 – The Sydney Summer Olympics opened, praised for its record-breaking performances and exceptional organization. 🏟️🇦🇺

🔐 2015 – The U.S. Office of Personnel Management completed its investigation into a data breach affecting 22 million people, exposing critical cybersecurity vulnerabilities. 🔓💻