By 1944, the Netherlands was a nation on edge—its people caught between the tightening grip of Nazi rule and the rising wave of underground defiance. In Episode 4 of Woven in Courage, we dive deep into the heart of the Dutch resistance in Groningen, a region where brutal crackdowns met unwavering resilience. Through newly uncovered evidence, including my grandfather Fedde Visser’s WWII journals, we explore the possibility that he was more than just an observer—he may have been part of the resistance itself.

As the Nazi regime intensified its control, courageous men and women in Groningen refused to remain silent. From acts of sabotage to the assassination of high-ranking Nazi officials, the underground war against fascism was as dangerous as it was necessary. But resistance came at a cost—many were captured, executed, and buried in secrecy, their sacrifices hidden beneath the fog of war.

🔹 What You’ll Discover in This Episode:

• The Resistance in Groningen – How networks of ordinary citizens fought back against oppression, despite the looming threat of execution.
• The Assassination That Shook the Nazis – The targeted killing of a key Nazi leader in Groningen and its brutal aftermath.
• Executions of Resistance Fighters – The five men who were buried under heavy Nazi watch on May 24, 1944, only to be secretly moved by comrades in the night.
• My Grandfather’s Connection – His detailed accounts of underground activities, German troop movements, and key resistance events in Groningen—was he more involved than previously thought?
• The Brutality of Nazi Retaliation – From mass arrests to public executions, how the German occupiers sought to crush the growing resistance.

The choices made in 1944 would define the future of the Netherlands. Some chose compliance. Others chose courage.

🎧 Listen now on Spotify, Apple Podcasts, or your favorite podcast platform.

🔜 Coming next in Episode 5: The Final Stand—Liberation, Betrayal, and the Aftermath of Resistance.

#WovenInCourage #HistoryPodcast #WWII #DutchResistance #Groningen #NaziOccupation #TrueStories #NeverForget

On May 15, 1940, the Netherlands surrendered to Nazi Germany, marking the beginning of a brutal occupation that would reshape the country forever. While some Dutch citizens complied, others refused to accept fascist rule. As oppression intensified, acts of defiance grew bolder, and the seeds of resistance took root.

In Episode 3 of Woven in Courage, we explore the harsh realities of life under Nazi occupation—how political and religious divisions shaped responses to fascism, the collapse of the Dutch economy, and the earliest heroes who risked everything to fight back. Through firsthand accounts, including entries from my grandfather Fredde Visser’s WWII journals, we uncover the difficult choices Dutch citizens had to make between survival and resistance.

🔹 What You’ll Discover in This Episode:

• The Calvinist Divide on Fascism – How Protestant values were used both to justify collaboration and to fuel defiance against the Nazis.
• The False Economy – The illusion of stability under occupation, the rise of black markets, and financial manipulation that deepened societal divides.
• The Fall of the Netherlands – How the country collapsed in just five days and what surrender meant for its people.
• Life Under Nazi Rule – Propaganda, forced labor, and the rapid erosion of freedoms, including the systematic persecution of Jewish citizens.

As the Nazi grip tightened, courageous individuals and groups emerged to resist the occupiers and protect those most vulnerable.

📰 The Underground Press:

• Het Parool – Founded in 1941 by journalist Frans Goedhart, this illegal newspaper became a crucial source of anti-Nazi news and resistance coordination.
• Trouw – Emerging from the Protestant resistance movement, Trouw (meaning "Loyal" or "True") defied the Nazis by spreading unfiltered information and exposing their crimes.

⚔️ Early Resistance Fighters:

• De Geuzen ("The Beggars") – One of the first organized resistance groups, formed in Vlaardingen on May 14, 1940. Composed of former Dutch soldiers and patriots, De Geuzen engaged in sabotage, circulated anti-Nazi leaflets, and gathered intelligence to aid the Allies. Many members were captured and executed, but their bravery inspired future resistance efforts.
• The Jewish Resistance in Amsterdam – As persecution escalated, Jewish citizens fought back. Brave individuals like Hannie Schaft and sisters Freddie and Truus Oversteegen carried out sabotage missions and assassinations of Nazi officials, demonstrating remarkable courage in the face of overwhelming danger.

🚇 Escape Networks:

• The Dutch-Paris Line – One of the most successful escape networks, smuggling persecuted individuals, including Jews, out of the Netherlands to neutral territories like Switzerland and Spain. These operations required extreme secrecy, strategic planning, and immense personal risk.

• September–November 1940 – Jewish newspapers were shut down, civil servants were dismissed, and Jewish businesses were seized.
• January 1942 – Jewish identity papers were stamped with "J," marking individuals for deportation.
• May 1942 – The infamous yellow star became mandatory for all Jews over the age of six, exposing them to public discrimination and violence.

Despite the constant threat of arrest and execution, the Dutch resistance refused to be silenced. Their bravery and sacrifice laid the foundation for the underground war that would grow stronger with each passing year.

🎧 Listen now on Spotify, Apple Podcasts, or your favorite podcast platform.

🔜 Coming next in Episode 4: Resistance in Action—Sabotage, Espionage, and the Underground War Against the Nazis.

#WovenInCourage #HistoryPodcast #WWII #DutchResistance #HetParool #Trouw #JewishResistance #NaziOccupation #NeverForget

In the tense months before May 1940, the Netherlands stood at a crossroads—trapped between a fragile neutrality and the looming shadow of Nazi Germany. In Episode 2 of Woven in Courage, we step into a nation on the brink of war, where political divisions, religious tensions, and military unpreparedness would shape the course of history.

How did Dutch leaders balance the ideals of neutrality against the growing threat of Hitler’s war machine? Why did some believe peace was still possible, while others saw the storm coming? And when the invasion finally arrived, how did soldiers, civilians, and underground groups respond?

🔹 What You’ll Discover in This Episode:

• The political climate in the Netherlands before the German invasion—why neutrality was seen as both a shield and a trap
• The deep religious divides between Catholics and Protestants, and how these tensions played into the war effort
• How Dutch leaders underestimated Hitler’s ambitions and the military’s struggles to prepare for war
• The first moments of the Nazi attack—blitzkrieg tactics, aerial bombings, and the devastating fall of Rotterdam
• The early seeds of resistance—how people reacted when occupation became inevitable

The choices made in these final days before occupation would define the Dutch resistance for years to come. Step back into a moment of history where everything hung in the balance.

🎧 Listen now on Spotify, Apple Podcasts, or your favorite podcast platform.

🔔 Subscribe for more episodes exploring the untold stories of WWII resilience.

#WWII #DutchResistance #WovenInCourage #HistoryPodcast #WorldWar2 #PoliticalHistory #ReligiousHistory #NeverForget